*Gender, Agency, and Accountability for ISIS Violence: Public Perspectives from Mosul, Iraq
*Replication Instructions

*Vera Mironova and Sam Whitt

*Below are instructions for replicating all manuscript and online appendix tables and figures in STATA using the wide format of the 
*dataset “SCT gender and accountability replication data wide format.dta”. 

*Please contact Sam Whitt (swhitt@highpoint.edu) for questions regarding data replication. 

*Note: You may need to install STATA packages for cibar, catcibar  and iebaltab commands. 
*Use findit with command name to identify and download the appropriate packets to install. To install commands enter the following:

*ssc install cibar
*net install catcibar, from("https://aarondwolf.github.io/catcibar")
*findit iebaltab

*Note: In addition, some graphs require additional formatting using filename.grec files with the graph play command. 
*To format a graph, simply run the command to generate the graph in the do file in STATA, then open the “Graph Editor” in STATA and click on 
*the GREEN “Play Recording” button, then select “Browse” to select the grec file from among Replication files. 
*The name of the grec file is indicated in the note below the graph command in the do file for the specific graph you wish to format. 
*This should automatically format the graph, which you may then save to a location of your choosing.

*Manuscript Text

*“A total of 401 subjects were sampled across 11 neighborhoods in Mosul (See Appendix Map for Mosul sampling locations). 
*Among the IDPs, we purposefully sampled camps outside Mosul that were believed to house people who had supported ISIS 
*(3 out of 15 camps in Nineveh province).”

tab location if mosul==1
tab location if mosul==0


*“Fieldwork in the first wave in Mosul was conducted between December 23-30, 2018, and fieldwork in the camps was completed between 
*January 10-24, 2019.”

tab date if mosul==1
tab date if mosul==0

*“In general, Mosul residents are more educated, have higher incomes, and tend to come from more professional backgrounds of employment or 
*are students. Camp members are conversely of lower education, income, and tend to have manual labor backgrounds, which anecdotally fits 
*into the public perception in Mosul of the typical ISIS demographic.”

iebaltab female age education income professional laborer unemployed student moved, groupvar(mosul) savexls(mosulbalance)

*“Despite these limitations, 1 in 5 camp members acknowledged that they worked directly for ISIS or fought for ISIS. 
*Over half indicate that a family member worked for ISIS, while 1 in 5 also have a family member who fought for ISIS, 
*and nearly two-thirds have family members who have been put on trial for their role in ISIS. 
*In total, 91% of camp IDPs indicated some form of ISIS connection or affiliation.”

sum workedisis-isisties

*“Consistent with our sampling strategy, we find that nearly two-thirds of camp members believe that “almost all” or 
*“most people in Mosul supported ISIS” (63%), while very few respondents we sampled in Mosul (15%) stated this was the case.”

tab supportisis if mosul==0
tab supportisis if mosul==1

*“To measure beliefs about women’s agency, we utilize a series of questions related to the role played by ISIS men and women in the organization….
*Factor analysis indicates that responses to these items are also highly inter-correlated (SI Table 2). 
*We normalize and score these items into a common index called agency affirmation ranging from 0=strong denial of women’s agency to 1=strong affirmation.”

*Agency Affirmation Variable

factor revwomenradical revwomendanger revwomenorg revwomenhelpfight womenfollow menlead

*predict agencyaffirm
*norm agencyaffirm, method(mmx)

*“To measure beliefs about the judicial system’s affirmation or denial of women’s agency, we ask respondents whether they agree or disagree 
*that different groups are being sufficiently punished for their role in ISIS on a four-point scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly 
*disagree…We then create a normalized index based on responses to questions specifically about women called judicial denial of agency, 
*ranging from 0=strong judicial affirmation (agreement that women are being sufficiently punished) to 
*1=strong judicial denial of agency (disagreement that women are being sufficiently punished).”

*Denial of Judicial Agency Variable

factor leaderswives fighterwives femaleworkers

*predict judicialdenial
*norm judicialdenial, method(mmx)

*“There are two observations for each individual in the study: a punishment of a male ISIS worker and a female ISIS worker, 
*and standard errors are clustered by respondent.”

*To generate the dependent variable (see long format), stack and combine responses to variables “nasimopp” and “saraworker” for a 
*within-subject comparison for male and female isis workers.

*“Among all respondents, punishment preferences for women workers averaged 2.77 (sd.=1.43) compared to 2.34 for men (sd=1.21), a significant difference based on paired t-tests (t=6.42, p<0.0000).”

ttest maleworker = femaleworker

*“First, victimization by ISIS does not predict more severe punishments.” 

*ISIS victimization index

factor punishedis- womenabusedis
*predict isisvictim

*Manuscript Tables and Figures


*Figure 1. ISIS punishment preferences (no gender prime)
*see long format


*Note additional formatting requires the "Figure 1 long formatting.grec" file with the command graph play "Figure 1 long formatting.grec"

*Figure 2. ISIS punishment preferences (gender primes)
*see long format

*Figure 3. Women's agency and accountability

*Wide format

cibar agencyaffirm, over1(mosul) 
graph save g1, replace
cibar judicialdenial, over1(mosul)
graph save g2, replace
graph combine "g1.gph" "g2.gph"

*Note additional formatting requires the "Figure 3 wide formatting.grec" file with the command graph play "Figure 3 wide formatting.grec"

*Table 2. Women’s Agency for Violence and Accountability (Ordered Probit Regression)
*see long format

*Appendix Replication

*Mosul Sampling Locations
*Wide format

tab location if mosul==1
tab location if mosul==0

*Summary of Variables in Manuscript Analysis
*Wide format

sum mosul maleworker femaleworker agencyaffirm judicialdenial isisvictim female age education income professional laborer student unemployed moved

*Figure 1 Box-Whisker Plots of Punishing ISIS from Manuscript Figure 1
*Wide format

graph box dleaders-dtaxpayers, by(mosul) nolabel

*Note additional formatting requires the "SA Figure 1a wide formatting.grec" file with the command graph play "SA Figure 1a wide formatting.grec"

catcibar dleaders- dtaxpayers, by(mosul)
*Note additional formatting requires the "SA Figure 1b wide formatting.grec" file with the command graph play "SA Figure 1b wide formatting.grec"

*(Alternative Version) see Long-format

*Figure 2 Box-Whisker Plots of Vignette Punishments from Manuscript Figure 2.
*see also long format
*Wide format

catcibar loyalfighter loyalworker wifeworker wifelowhigh , over(treatment) by(mosul)
*Note additional formatting requires the "SA Figure 2b wide formatting.grec" file with the command graph play "SA Figure 2b wide formatting.grec"

*Figure 3. Perceptions of Judicial Affirmation/Denial of Women’s Agency
*see long format

*Table 1. Factor Analysis of Judicial Affirmation/Denial Index
*Wide format

factor punishedleaders- femaleworkers
factor leaderswives fighterwives femaleworkers

*Figure 4. Perceptions of Women’s Agency in ISIS
*see long format

*Table 2. Factor Analysis of Agency Affirmation Index
*Wide format

factor revwomenradical revwomendanger revwomenorg revwomenhelpfight womenfollow menlead

*Figure 5. Perceptions of ISIS Victimization by Location
*Wide format

catcibar punishedis- womenabusedis, over(mosul)

*Table 3. Factor Analysis of Victimization Index
*Wide format

factor punishedis- womenabusedis

*Further Analysis of Gender and ISIS Punishment Preferences
*see long format

*Table 4. Punishment of ISIS (OLS Regression)
*see long format

*Table 5. Punishment of ISIS (Ordered Probit Regression)
*see long format

*Table 6. Punishment of ISIS by Treatment Groups (OLS regression)
*Wide format

reg loyalworker treatment mosul judicialdenialall isisvictim female age education income professional laborer unemployed moved, robust

reg loyalfighter treatment mosul judicialdenialall isisvictim female age education income professional laborer unemployed moved, robust

reg wifeworker treatment mosul judicialdenial agencyaffirm isisvictim female age education income professional laborer unemployed moved, robust

reg wifelowhigh treatment mosul judicialdenial agencyaffirm isisvictim female age education income professional laborer unemployed moved, robust

*Table  7. Summary of Additional Variables used in SI Tables 4-6
*see long format
*wide format

sum loyalworker loyalfighter wifeworker wifelowhigh

*Manuscript Table 2 Robustness Checks
*see long format

*Manuscript Table 2 Power Calculations
*Wide format

pwcorr maleworker femaleworker

power pairedmeans 2.35 2.77, corr(0.5866) sd1(1.21) sd2(1.43) power(0.80 0.90 0.95 0.99) graph

log close



